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Spanish Irregular Verbs

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You will learn in this lesson: Spanish irregular verbs, and list of irregular verbs.




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In Spanish there are regular, semiregular and irregular verbs. We already know regular verbs. Semiregular verbs are verbs having slight modifications in their spelling, just so that they can sound phonetically easy to pronounce, like the verb pagar (to pay) yo pago (I pay), in the past instead of writing yo pagé, we added a (u) after the g so that it would still sound [g] like in pago I bought= yo pagué, and not like [j] if we wrote pagé. Irregular verbs are verbs which don't follow standard rules of conjugation in the different verb tenses. The bad news is that they're the most used verbs. So you need to focus on them more, the good news is that you can become familiar with them easily. We will deal with semiregular and irregular as a one subject, because semiregular verbs are considered somehow irregular too.

Here we will go through types of irregularity:

-First person singular present with g: decir (to say), I say= digo. caer (to fall), I fall= caigo. hacer (to do), I do= hago. salir (to go out), I go out= saglo...

-First person present g changes to j:  escoger (to choose), I choose= escojo. corrigir (to correct), I correct= corrijo.

-Stem changes in the third person singular present (e -> ie):  negar (to deny), he denies= niega. cerrar (to close), he closes= cierra. pensar (to think), he think=piensa

-Stem changes in the third person singular present (o -> ue): jugar (to play), he plays= juega. mostrar (to show), he shows= muestra. dormir (to sleep),he sleeps=duerme

-Stem changes in the third person singular present (e -> i): decir (to say), he says= dice. medir (to measure), he measures= mide.

-When we add an e to the last letter of the stem c then (c -> qu): platicar (to chat), I chatted= platiqué. bloacar (to block), I blocked= bloqué.

-When we add an e to the last letter of the stem z then (z-> c): lanzar (to throw) I threw= lancé.

-When we add an a or o to the last letter of the stem c then (c ->zc): conocer (to know) I know= conozco.

 

Click Here to see a list of about 200 irregular verbs, and the pattern they follow.

These are some common irregular verbs in Spanish (check the table below to see how they are conjugated): abrir, andar, caer, cerrar, conocer, creer, dar, decir, dormir, empezar, encontrar, escoger, estoy, hacer, ir, jugar, leer, llegar, mirar, oír, olvidar, pagar, pedir, pensar, perder, poder, poner, quedar, querer, saber, sacar, salir, seguir, sentir, ser, tener, traer, valer, venir, ver, volver.

 

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Smart List of Irregular Verbs in Spanish

 

This list contains most of the common modifications that occur to verbs, it may seem confusing, but this is the easiest way to learn how a verb is modified, especially once you get used to the table.

-Underlined words: refer to the stem of a verb; the root of the verb that you should keep, and modify only what comes after that stem.

-Words in bold: means that the word is conjugated in an irregular way and maybe that was the reason why it was put in this irregular list.

-Abbreviations: (pr part= present participle), (pa part= past participle), (Imperative has two conjugations in this table the first one is for tú, the second word is for él).

 

Spanish Irregular Verbs

  Verb

Pr Part *

Pa Part *

    Present

       Preterite

      Imperfect

   Future

 Imperative *

abrir

abriendo

abierto

abro,es,e,imos,en

abrí,iste,ió,imos,ieron

abría,s,-,mos,n

abriré,ás,á,emos,án

abre,abra

andar

andando

andado

ando,as,a,amos,an

anduve,iste,o,imos,ieron

andaba,s,-,mos,n

andaré,ás,á,emos,án

anda,andad

caer

cayendo

caído

caigo,caes,-,mos,n

caí,ste,cayo,mos,cayeron

caía,s,-,mos,n

caeré,ás,á,emos,án

cae,caiga

cerrar

cerrando

cerrado

cierro,as,a,cerramos,an

cerré,aste,ó,amos,aron

cerraba,s,-,mos,n

cerraré,ás,á,emos,án

cierra,cierre

conocer

conociendo

conocido

conozco,es,e,mos,en

conocí,iste,ió,imos,ieron

conocía,s,-,mos,n

conoceré,ás,á,emos,án

conoce,zca

creer

creyendo

creíndo

creo,es,e,emos,en,

creí,ste,creyó,mos,creyeron

creía,s,-,mos,n

creeré,ás,á,emos,án

cree,crea

dar

dando

dado

doy,das,a,mos,n

di,ste,o,mos,eron

daba,s,-,mos,n

daré,ás,á,emos,án

da,dad

decir

diciendo

dicho

digo,dices,-,decimos,n

dije,iste,o,imos,eron

decía,s,-,mos,n

diré,ás.á,emos,án

di,decid

dormir

durmiendo

dormido

duermo,es,e,o-imos,en

dormí,iste,durmió,imos,u-ieron

dormía,s,-,mos,n

dormiré,ás,á,emos,án

duerme,dormid

empezar

empezando  

empezado

empiezo,as,a,ezamos,n

empecé,empezaste,ó,amos,aron

empezaba,s,-,mos,n

empezaré,ás,á,emos,án

empieza,ce

escoger

esogiendo

escogido

escojo,ges,e,gemos,gen

escogí,iste,ió,imos,ieron

escogía,s,-,mos,n

Escogeré,ás,á,emos,án

Escoge,escoja

encontrar

encontrando

encontado

encuentro,as,a,o-mos,an

encontré,aste,ó,amos,aron

encontaba,s,-,mos,n

encontré,ás,á,emos,án

encuentra,e

escribir

escribiendo

escrito

escribo,es,e,imos,en

escribí,iste,ió,imos,ieron

escribía,s,-,mos,n

escribiré,ás,á,emos,án

escribe,escriba

estoy

estando

estado

estoy,as,a,amos,an

estuve,iste,o,imos,ieron

estaba,s,-,amos,an

estaré,ás,á,emos,án

esta,estad

hacer

haciendo

hecho

hago,haces,-,mos,n,

hice,iste,hizo,imos,ieron

hacía,s,-,mos,n

haré,ás,á,emos,án

haz,haced

ir

yendo

ido

voy,vas,a,mos,n

fui,iste,e,imos,eron

iba,s,-,mos,n

iré,ás,á,emos,án

ve,id

jugar

jugando

jugado

juego,as,a,jugamos,an

jugué,aste,ó,amos,aron

jugaba,s,-,mos,n

jugaré,ás,á,emos,án

juega,juegue

leer

leyendo

leído

leo,es,e,emos,en

leí,ste,leyó,mos,leyeron

leía,s,-,mos,n

leeré,ás,á,emos,án

lee,lea

llegar

llegando

llegado

llego,as,a,amos,an

llegué,llegaste,ó,amos,aron

llegaba,s,-,mos,n

llegaré,ás,á,emos,án

llega,llegue

mirar

mirando

mirado

miro,as,s,amos,an

miré,aste,ó,amos,aron

miraba,s,-,mos,n

miraré,ás,á,emos,án

mira,mire

oír

oyendo

oído

oigo,oyes,-,oímos,n

,ste,oyo,mos,oyeron

oía,s,-,mos,n

oiré,ás,á,emos,án

oye,oíd

olvidar

olvidando

olvidado

olvido,as,a,amos

olvidé,aste,ó,amos,aron

olvidaba,s,-,mos,n

olvidaré,ás,á,emos,án

olvida,olvide

pedir

pidiendo

pedido

pido,es,e,pedimos,piden

pedí,iste,pidió,imos,pidieron

pedía,s,-,mos,n

pediré,ás,á,emos,án

pide,pida

pagar

pagando

pagado

Pago,as,a,amos,an

Pagué,aste,ó,amos,aron

Pagaba,s,-,mos,n

Pagaré,ás,á,emos,án

Paga, pague

pensar

pensando

pensado

pienso,as,a,pensamos,an

pensé,aste,ó,amos,aron

pensaba,s,-,mos,n

pensaré,ás,á,emos,án

piensa,piense

perder

perdiendo

pedrido

pierdo,es,e,perdemos,en

perdí,iste,ió,imos,ieron

perdía,s,-,mos,n

perderé,ás,á,emos,.án

pierde,pierda

poder

podiendo

podido

puedo,es,e,podemos,en

pude,iste,o,imos,ieron

podía,s,-,mos,n

podré,ás,á,emos,án

puede,pueda

poner

poniendo

puesto

pongo,pones,-,mos,en

puse,iste,o,imos,ieron

ponía,s,-mos,n

pondré,ás,á,emos,án

pon,poned

quedar

quedando

quedado

quedo,as,a,amos,an

quedé,aste,ó,amos,aron

quedaba,s,-,mos,n

quedaré,ás,á,emos,án

queda,quede

querer

queriendo

querido

quiero,es,e,queremos,en

quise,iste,o,imos,ieron

quería,s,-,mos,n

querré,ás,á,emos,án

quiere,quered

saber

sabiendo

sabido

, sabes,-,mos,en

supe,iste,o,imos,ieron

sabía,s,-,mos,n

sabré,ás,á,emos,án

sabe,sabed

sacar

sacando

sacado

saco,as,a,amos,an

saque, sacaste,ó,amos,aron

sacaba,s,-,mos,n

sacaré,ás,á,emos,án

saca,saque

salir

saliendo

salido

salgo, sales,e,imos,en

salí,iste,ío,imos,ieron

salía,s,-,mos,n

saldré,ás,á,emos,án

sal,salga

seguir

siguiendo

seguido

sigo,ues,ue,seguimos,uen

seguí,iste,siguió,imos,siguieron

seguía,s,-,mos,n

seguiré,ás,á,emos,án

sigue,siga

sentir

sintiendo

sentido

siento,es,e,sentimos,en

sentí,iste,sintió,imos,sintieron

sentía,s,-,mos,n

sentiré,ás,á,emos,án

siente,sienta

ser

siendo

sido

soy,eres,es,somos,son

fui,iste,e,imos,eron

era,s,-,mos,n

seré,ás,á,emos,án

sé, sed

tener

teniendo

tenido

tengo,tienes,-,tenemos,n

tuve,iste,o,imos,ieron

tenía,s,-,mos,n

tendré,ás,á,emos,án

ten,tened

traer

trayendo

traído

traigo,traes,-,mos,n

traje,iste,o,imos,ieron

traía,s,-,mos,n

traeré,ás,á,emos,án

trae,traed

valer

valiendo

valido

valgo,vales,e,emos,en

valí,iste,ió,imos,ieron

valía,s,-,mos,n

valdré,ás,á,emos,án

vale/val,valga

venir

viniendo

venido

vengo,vienes,-,venimos,n

vine,iste,o,imos,ieron

venía,s,-,mos,n

vendré,ás,á,emos,án

ven,venga

ver

viendo

visto

veo,s,-,mos,n

vi,ste,o,mos,eron

veía,s,-,mos,n

veré,ás,á,emos,án

ve,vea

volver

volviendo

vuelto

vuelvo,es,e,volvemos,en

volví,iste,ió,imos,ieron

volvía,s,-,mos,n

volveré,ás,á,emos,án

vuelve,vuelva

 

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